Human Rights Watch telephone interview with Shakarbek Niyatbekov, home violence expert, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, July 18, 2019 and in-person, Dushanbe, August 4, 2015. Human Rights Watch interview with a consultant of Tajikistan’s State Committee for Religious Affairs, Dushanbe, September 10, 2016. Human Rights Watch interview with Muhabbat M., southern Tajikistan, July 23, 2015. Human Rights Watch phone interview with Guliston G., survivor of domestic violence, Dangara, August 15, 2018.
The most striking distinction is probably the age at marriage and start of first baby. While the majority of women in Tajikistan marry until age 23 and provides birth to their first baby around that age, that is solely the case for a minority in Germany. Between 2011 and 2015, the mean age at marriage in Germany was round 30 years.
Lack of awareness of girls’s rights and persisting patriarchal norms are chief among the impediments to women reporting violence in Tajikistan and hinder effective implementation of the Family Violence Law. Another main shortcoming of the Family Violence Law and different related legislation is that they do not criminalize spousal rape. Spousal rape isn’t reported in Tajikistan due to social stigma, but interviewees and advocates told Human Rights Watch that perpetrators of sexual violence are overwhelmingly a lady’s present or former companion.
Not seldom throughout my analysis I heard younger individuals, girls and boys, stating that they really wish to marry a person that their mother and father selected for them because they’re senior and have extra life experience. I suppose this level is especially difficult to understand for an individual rising up in Europe, the place people consider that marriages ought to happen strictly on the consent of the bride and groom. Along with that ideal, what we see in nations similar to Germany, is the development of younger people thus far one another for a number of years and to live together in one home (co-habitation) before marriage.
Only 65 legal prosecutions had been initiated underneath various articles of the Criminal Code. Criminal prosecutions had been declined in 1,003 circumstances, 131 instances have been pending, and seventy six complaints had been despatched for investigation. The night time earlier than her husband had beat her for three hours till her face, and his palms, were covered completely in blood. In a drunken rage, he threatened to strangle the couple’s two-12 months-old son.
Tajikistan’s Abandoned Wives
Tajikistan has ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination towards Women (CEDAW) in 1993 and its Optional protocol in 2014, as well as the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families in 2002. In the final decades of the 20th century, Tajik social norms and even de facto government policy favored a traditionalist, restrictive attitude towards women that tolerated spouse beating and the arbitrary dismissal of women from accountable positions. In the late Soviet period, Tajik girls nonetheless generally married whereas under-age, despite official condemnation of this practice as a remnant of the feudal Central Asian mentality.
Tackling violence against women: classes from Tajikistan
Women advised Human Rights Watch they often feared that if neighbors noticed police coming to their properties or discovered that they had gone to report abuse to the police it will convey shame upon the family and probably result in additional violence. The worry of stigmatization and a sense that a girl’s destiny is to endure abuse has contributed to reluctance on the part of victims of domestic violence to hunt help, not to mention justice.
In Germany, virtually all married couples stay in a separate household and plenty of of them not in shut proximity to paternal households. Thus, they can’t at all times share the childcare with grandparents as in Tajikistan the place married couples normally reside in the family of the husband’s mother and father for some years.
This report is predicated on research conducted in Tajikistan in July and August 2015 and July and September 2016, with further interviews with survivors and consultants carried out by telephone and with survivors of domestic violence in and outside of Tajikistan between August 2018 and July 2019. One male and one female Human Rights Watch researcher carried out 68 in-individual interviews. Forty-seven of these had been in-person interviews with survivors of home violence and 21 have been in-particular person with experts, service suppliers, attorneys, native NGO activists, government officials, and representatives of international organizations. An extra 13 interviews (eight with survivors and 5 with consultants) have been conducted by phone between August 2018 and July 2019, including up to a total of eighty one interviews. The legislation goals to make it simpler for victims of household violence to get safety orders and providers.
She received interested in the social initiative in a heartbeat and volunteered to conduct culinary courses for the care recipients twice per week. In two years that Clair had stayed in Dushanbe, our girls realized and practised so many new recipes, they by no means knew of before”, says Umeda enthusiastically.
Prevalence of Domestic Violence and Limits of Data Collection
Last yr, the government shuttered scores of retailers promoting women’s religious clothing. In March 2016, authorities officials forcibly shavedabout 13,000 Muslim men. In August, greater than 8,000 women were stopped across the country because they had been sporting a hijab. According to stories, teams of state officers instructed the women on tips on how to tie their headscarves in a extra “traditional” way, warning them to tie the scarf from behind, which would leave the front of the neck uncovered. One woman advised Radio Liberty that she had been separated from her children and forced to remove her hijab.
No particular finances has been allotted to strengthen existing companies or create new ones as known as for within the Family Violence Law. A women’s shelter in Khujand provided Sabohat crucial trauma counseling for her abuse and in addition lessons in varied job skills and trades which she may use to construct a new independent life. “Sometimes he would force me to hop on one leg and sing the nationwide hymn of Tajikistan.
An oft-noted shortcoming of Tajik legislation, whether via the Family Violence Law or different laws, is that it does not explicitly acknowledge home violence as a definite crime punishable under the regulation. Nowhere in Tajik legislation, together with Tajikistan’s Criminal Code, is home violence criminalized as a selected crime.
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Lack of Post-Divorce Remedies and Long-Term Solutions for Women
In Tajikistan, physical and psychological abuse of wives by husbands remains an enormous problem, domestic violence is common. In conventional households, a bride moves to in-regulation’s house, where she actually serves a big family of her husband and is uncovered to everlasting bullying and abuse. In a patriarchal society, like in Tajikistan, there’s a deep-rooted belief that ‘a girl must put up with violence to keep the family’. It takes courage to ‘wash soiled linen in public’, as they say, by reporting abuse, and face public censure. Human Rights Watch phone interview with unnamed consultant of worldwide group that runs home violence prevention program in Tajikistan, Dushanbe, May 4, 2019.